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$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1#2!J$b$s$<$s(J 302$B!K(J - $BBh(J 5 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BK\8&5f$NL\E*$O!"!X%3%&%S%k%I1Q1Q<-E5!J2~D{Bh#4HG!K!Y$rBP>]$H$7$F!"<-=q8!:wJ}K!$r#1$D$NE}9g2=$5$l$?%7%9%F%`$H$7$FDs<($9$k$3$H$G$"$k!#$?$@$7!"O@=R$NBP>]$rI{;l$H$7$F5!G=$9$k8lWC9`L\$K8BDj$9$k!#$^$?!"Ds<($7$?%7%9%F%`$NFbMF$KBP$9$k9M;!$K4p$E$$$F!"3X=,
   
$BH/I= $BH*Ln4n?.!J9-Eg=w3X1!Cf3X!&9b9;!K(J
$BBjL\(J $B1Q:nJ8;XF3$K$*$1$k(Jpeer correction$B$N2DG=@-(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#3!J(JJA 12C$B!K(J - $BBh(J 3 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BBh(J34$B2sCf9qCO6h1Q8l650i3X2q8&5fBg2q$G!"!V=q$/$3$H$N3Z$7$_!W$rCN$C$F$b$i$&$?$a$N2A!=$=$N7k2L$H9M;!!W$NCf$GH/I=$7$?$,!"99$K!V@8EL$K$h$k(Jpeer correction$B!W$r%U%#!<%I%P%C%/$N
   
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$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1!J(JJA 12A$B!K(J - $BBh(J 7 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BK\8&5f$G$O!"!V!X1Q8l$,;H$($kF|K\?M!Y$N0i@.$N$?$a$N9TF07W2h!W$,!"Cf!&9bEy3X9;$*$h$SBg3XB46H;~E@$G$NC#@.L\I8$H$7$F7G$2$F$$$k=,=O%l%Y%k$O!"$=$l$>$l$N650iCJ3,$K$*$$$F3NJ]$5$l$F$$$kZ$9$k!#99$K$O!"M?$($i$l$?;~4VFb$KC#@.$G$-$J$$3X=,@.2L$r!"65;U$d3X=,
   
$BH/I= $BIMCfD>9(!J@P@n8)LxEDCf3X9;!K(J
$BBjL\(J $BF|K\?MCf3X@8F1;N$N!$H/C#CJ3,$K4p$E$/%Z%"$K$h$k%$%s%?%i%/%7%g%s$,!$5?Ld7A=,F@$KM?$($k8z2L(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#6!J(JJA 12F$B!K(J - $BBh(J 3 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BK\8&5f$O!$Bh#28@8l$H$7$F1Q8l$r3X=,$9$k65<<4D6-$K$*$1$k!$Cf3X9;$N@8ELF1;N$N%Z%"%o!<%/$,!$H`$i$NBh#28@8l=,F@$K$I$N$h$&$J8z2L$r$b$?$i$9$+$rD4$Y$?$b$N$G$"$k!#FC$K5?Ld7A=,F@$K$*$1$kH/C#CJ3,(J (Pienemann, Johnston, & Brindley, 1988) $B$N;XI8$rMQ$$$F%Z%"$NAH$_9g$o$;$r9T$$!$5?Ld7A=,F@$H5?Ld7A$N;HMQ$KBP$9$k8z2L$K$D$$$FL@$i$+$K$7$h$&$H$7$?!#]$K!$%F%9%H$G$O4V0c$$C5$7%?%9%/$r!$=h6x$G$O3(IA$-%?%9%/$r9T$$!$H`$i$NH/OC$r4p$KJ,@O$7$?!#H/I=$G$O!$$=$N7k2L$rJs9p$9$k!#(J
   
$BH/I= $BAa@%8w=)!J;0=EBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J Teaching a Process of Academic Writing
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#3!J(JJA 12C$B!K(J - $BBh(J 5 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J Students studying English are required to write academic papers, but many of them are not familiar with a necessary process of their writing even though they may have good argument. This presentation will examine a possible process of academic writing with the graduation thesis as an example. The process includes at least the following stages: finding a topic, summarizing the student writer's ideas about the topic, doing literature survey, determining the title of the paper, building a research design, executing the research, and writing the paper. While each stage is carefully analyzed with specific examples, the roles of the thesis advisor, peer writers and computer will also be discussed.
   
$BH/I= $BEl1Y;R!JOB2N;3Bg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $BJl8l=,F@M}O@$+$i3X$V!]>.3X9;1Q8l$N3h$+$7J}(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1#0!J%"%/%F%#(J 2A$B!K(J - $BBh(J 1 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $B8=:_!"$5$^$6$^$J7ABV$K$h$jCf3X9;F~3X0JA0$N;yF8$rBP>]$H$7$F1Q8l650i$,9T$o$l$F$$$k!#E~C#L\I8$N0c$$$K$h$j!"3X=,7ABV$N0c$$$,@8$:$k$N$OEvA3$N$3$H$G$"$k$,!"Jl8l0J30$N$b$&0l$D$N8@8l$r;W=U4|0JA0$NCJ3,$K$*$$$FF3F~$9$k$H$$$&E@$G$O6&DL$7$F$$$k!#$3$NE@$K$*$$$F!"3X=,7ABV$NB?MM$5$K$+$+$o$i$:!"8@8l=,F@$NFC@-$d;yF8$NH/C#CJ3,$r==J,$KF'$^$($?$&$($G!"65;U$OBN7OE*$K.3X9;CJ3,$K$*$1$k1Q8l3X=,$X$N3h$+$7J}$r8!F$$9$k!#(J
   
$BH/I= $BElLnM5;R!J@>5\;TN)>.>>>.3X9;!K!"(Jûü$BEg1Q9,!JEl5~309q8lBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $B!V>.3X9;1Q8l!W650i$NG/4V%7%i%P%9$K4X$9$k0l9M;!!!!]%?%9%/$r;V8~$7$?3hF0(J(TOA)$B$N=EMW@-!](J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1#4!J$b$s$<$s(J 304&305$B!K(J - $BBh(J 3 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $B>.!&Cf3X9;$NO"7H$r4U$_$k$H!"!V>.3X9;1Q8l!W650i$NL\I8$O!Ve$2$k!#%?%9%/3hF0!J(JTA$B!K$d%?%9%/$HHf3S$7$J$,$i>.3X9;CJ3,$K$*$1$k(JTOA$B$NFCD'$K8@5Z$7!"G/4V(J10$B;~4VDxEY$N;~4V?t$r4pK\$H$7!"G/4V%7%i%P%9$rJ#?t$N%W%m%8%'%/%HNc$r<($7$J$,$iDs0F$7!"(JTOA$B$NI,MW@-$rO@$:$k!#(J
   
$BH/I= $BEZJ}M5;R!JC^GHBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $BF|K\?M(JEFL$B3X=,
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
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$BH/I=MW;](J $B1QJ8$r0UL#C10L!J%A%c%s%/!K$K6h@Z$jJ8F,$+$iFI$`%A%c%s%-%s%0$O!"FI2rB.EY$N8~>e$K8z2LE*$G$"$k!#$7$+$7M}2rEY$N8~>e$K$D$$$F$O5DO@$,J,$+$l!"$I$NFI$_J}$GM-8z$+$r<($9ZE*8&5f$b>/$J$$!#K\8&5f$OB.FI$H@:FI$rBP>]$K%A%c%s%/$rL@<($7$?J8>O$H86J8$r;HMQ$7!"%A%c%s%-%s%0$N8z2L$rD4$Y$?!#$=$N:]%A%c%s%/$NDs<(J}K!$b!"%A%c%s%/Kh$N2~9T$H86J8$X$Ne$+$iFI2rB.EY$HM}2rEY$r9b$a$k%A%c%s%-%s%0;XF3$N$"$jJ}$r9M;!$9$k!#(J
   
$BH/I= $BJ?0f0&!"@8GOM5;R!"2#@nGn0l!J?@8MBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $BE}8lE*[#KfJ8$N%*%s%i%$%s=hM}$K$*$1$k1$N'>pJs(J $B!](JLate/Early closure$BJ8$N=hM}$K$h$k8!F$!=(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#6!J(JJA 12F$B!K(J - $BBh(J 2 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BF|K\?M1Q8l3X=,]$K!"BhFs8@8l$N%j%9%K%s%0%W%m%;%9$K$*$$$F!$2;1$!&0UL#!&E}8l>pJs$,%*%s%i%$%s$G$I$N$h$&$KMxMQ$5$l$k$+$rD4::$7$?7k2L$rJs9p$9$k!#pJs$NAj8_:nMQ$,$_$i$l!"E}8l9=B$$N(Jboundary$B$rL@<($9$k$h$&$J1$N'>pJs$,M?$($?>l9g!"2;@<8@8l$NJ8M}2r$,B%?J$5$l$k$3$H$,J,$+$C$?!#H/I=$G$O!"$3$&$7$?
   
$BH/I= $BIWL@H~!JLDLg650iBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J On self monitoring of oral presentations
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1!J(JJA 12A$B!K(J - $BBh(J 1 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BK\H/I=$G$O!V1Q8l$K$h$kH/I=!W$rI>2A$KAH$_9~$s$@1Q8l%3%_%e%K%1!<%7%g%s$N%/%i%9$K$*$1$k;XF32A$r9T$C$?!#(J2$B2s$NI>2AF@E@$rHf$Y$?7k2L!"$[$\$9$Y$F$N9`L\$G8~>e$,$_$i$l$?!#$^$?!"3X@8$K$h$k2A$G$b!V1Q8l$K<+?.$,$D$$$?!WEy!"I>2A$,9b$+$C$?!#%/%i%9%5%$%:$H$N4XO"$J$I$b%U%m%"$H$H$b$K5DO@$7$?$$!#(J
   
$BH/I= $B?<_7@6<#!"(JFordyce, Kenneth$B!J9-EgBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J The effects of studying abroad on the pragmatic development of university-level Japanese EFL learners
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1#3!J$b$s$<$s(J 303$B!K(J - $BBh(J 6 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BK\8&5f$NL\E*$O!$0lDj4|4V$N1Q8l7wN13X$,F|K\?MBg3X@81Q8l3X=,lLL!K$K$D$$$FCLOC40@.%F%9%H$rWJ}N,$N;HMQ!$0UL#8x<0$N;HMQ!$$*$h$SJ8K!%(%i!<$NJ,@O$rDL$7$F@:::$7$?!#(J
   
$BH/I= $BJ!COH~F`;R!J6b8wBg:e9b9;!K(J
$BBjL\(J $B8lWCCN<1$H(JEFL$B%j!<%G%#%s%0$H$N4X78$K$D$$$F$N0l9M;!(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1#6!J$b$s$<$s(J Box3$B!K(J - $BBh(J 1 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J EFL$B%j!<%G%#%s%0$K$*$1$k!"(Jlexical access skills$B!"(Jvocabulary knowledge$B!"(Jreading comprehension$B$NAj4X4X78$r!"(J5$B
   
$BH/I= $BF#_7M3H~;R!JEl5~ET@DG_;TN)Bh0lCf3X9;!K(J
$BBjL\(J $B;dN)$O8xN)$N#2G\!)!=Am
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#9!J(JJA 12I$B!K(J - $BBh(J 6 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $B8xN)Cf3X9;$G$O!"?73X=,;XF3MWNN$GI,=$2JL\$H$J$C$?1Q8l$Nl$G$O!V4pACNO=<]$KD4::$7$?$b$N$G$"$k!#(J
   
$BH/I= $BF#EDBnO:!JJ!0fBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $B7A<0;XF3$,L$=,$N3X=,$K5Z$\$98z2L$K$D$$$F$N8&5f!A%l%Y%k$N0[$J$k3X=,l9g!A(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#6!J(JJA 12F$B!K(J - $BBh(J 7 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BK\8&5f$G$O!"L$=,$NJ8K!;v9`$K4X$7$F%?%$%W$N0[$J$k7A<0;XF3$r0lEY$@$1M?$($k:]!"$I$N$h$&$J8z2L$,$b$?$i$5$l$k$N$+$rD4::$9$k!#Ho83]$H$7!"0J2<$N#3
   
$BH/I= $B8E2H5.M:!J;3M|Bg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $BJ(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1!J(JJA 12A$B!K(J - $BBh(J 8 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $B6PL39;$G!V1Q8l]$K!"J$^$G9T$o$;$k$b$N$G$"$k!#$3$Nu67$J$I!"J$d2]Bj$K$D$$$F$b=R$Y$F$_$?$$!#(J
   
$BH/I= Horton Hirose, Emiko$B!J
$BBjL\(J Developing Vocabulary and Listening Comprehension with Visual Materials
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#4!J(JJA 12D$B!K(J - $BBh(J 8 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J Listening comprehension is said to be one of the most difficult skills in EFL learning. This is caused by, in many cases, the pressure of listening to every word uttered by the speaker. The early stage in English education is the perfect period to develop confidence in listening ability before this sort of negative pressure has been developed. This presentation introduces various activities using picture flash cards in the class for elementary school students to promote vocabulary learning and listening comprehension. Attempts will be made to demonstrate how this kind of class activity can be practiced in real English language classrooms in Japan.
   
$BH/I= $BJ]:dK'CK!J9-EgBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $B3X=,ZE*8&5f!J#1!K(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#8!J(JJA 12H$B!K(J - $BBh(J 6 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J 2000$BG/(J12$B7n$N650i2~3W9qL12q5D$G8@5Z$5$l!"!V(J21$B@$5*650i:F@8%W%i%s!W$GDs0F$5$l5^B.$KIa5Z$7$D$D$"$k$N$,=,=OEYJL$`1Q8l65;UA|!"1Q8l$N@.@S$H$N4X78$rL@$i$+$K$7$?$$!#4pK\E*$K$O!"E,@-=hM}8r8_:nMQ$H$$$&M}O@$K4p$E$-!"6&J,;69=B$J,@O$r9T$&$3$H$K$h$j$$$o$f$k=,=OEYJLJL
   
$BH/I= $BKYED@?!J;3M|8)N52&D.N)N52&Fn>.3X9;!K(J
$BBjL\(J $BF|K\?M>.3X@8$N1Q8l8lWC3X=,$K$*$1$k2;@<>pJs$HJ8;z>pJs$KBP$9$kCm0U(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1#4!J$b$s$<$s(J 304&305$B!K(J - $BBh(J 5 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $BK\8&5f$O!$F|K\?M>.3X@8$,!$0[$J$kJ8;z>pJs$NDs<(>r7o$N$b$H$G!$2;@<>pJs!&J8;z>pJs$KBP$7$F$I$N$h$&$KCm0U$r8~$1$k$N$+$rL@$i$+$K$7$h$&$H$7$?$b$N$G$"$k!#.3X9;;yF8$rBP>]$K$7$F9T$C$?!#pJs!&J8;z>pJs$,;~4V:9$GDs<($5$l$k72(J($B;~4V:972(J)$B$H2;@<>pJs!&J8;z>pJs$,F1;~$KDs<($5$l$k72(J($BF1;~72(J)$B$N#2$D$N72$KJ,$1$i$l!$$=$l$>$l$NDs<(>r7o$K1~$8$F1Q8l8lWC$N3X=,$r9T$C$?!#N>72$N2;@<>pJs$HJ8;z>pJs$N3X=,NL$+$i!$F|K\?M>.3X@8$,2;@<>pJs$HJ8;z>pJs$KBP$7$F$I$N$h$&$KCm0U$r$`$1$F$$$?$N$+$r9M;!$9$k!#(J
   
$BH/I= $BA0ED7
$BBjL\(J $B1Q8l3X=,$K$*$1$k3X=,4Q!&3X=,J}N,!&=,=OEY$N4XO"!'0x2L$NJ,@OJ}K!$N:F8!F$$rF'$^$($F(J
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#2F|L\!J#87n#8F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#1#1!J$b$s$<$s(J 301$B!K(J - $BBh(J 3 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J $B1Q8l3X=,$*$1$k3X=,4Q$H!$3X=,J}N,!$=,=OEY$N4XO"$re$2$k!#3X=,4Q$N9=B$$H$7$F@h9T8&5f$G<($5$l$?(J3$B$D$N;V8~!$$=$l$K4XO"$9$k(J2$B
   
$BH/I= $B>>:jK.BFnD.N)9bLxCf3X9;!&El5~9)6HBg3XBg3X1!!K!"KL[jNi;R!J>e1[650iBg3X!K(J
$BBjL\(J $B1Q8l$N%i%$%F%#%s%03X=,$X$NF05!$E$1$K4X$9$k65
$BH/I=F|(J $BBh#1F|L\!J#87n#7F|!K(J
$B2q>l!uH/I==g(J $B2q>l#3!J(JJA 12C$B!K(J - $BBh(J 6 $BHVL\(J
$BH/I=MW;](J 2004$BG/EY(J1$B3X4|$N(J5$B7n$+$i(J7$B7n$^$G9qN)4G8n@lLg3X9;(J1$BG/@8(J44$BL>$rBP>]$H$7$?1Q8l$N%i%$%F%#%s%03X=,$K$*$$$F!"65p0ULL$K$*$1$kM-8z@-$rCf?4$K8!F$$9$k!#J,@O$K$"$?$C$F$O!"(JARCS$BF05!$E$1%b%G%k!J(JKeller, 1987)$B$*$h$S(JLLOS-IEA$B!J(JNoels $BB>(J, 2003)$B$NE,MQ$rM=Dj$7$F$$$k!#(J
   
$BH/I= $B>>86NP!JL>8E20Bg3X!K(J
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